It is also considered by many Iranians to be the city of gardens due to the presence of many gardens and fruit trees that can be seen throughout the city, such as Eram Garden. Shiraz is one of the top tourist cities Iran and it is known as the city of poets, literature, and flowers. Two famous poets of Iran, Hafez and Saadi, are from Shiraz, whose tombs are located on the north side of the current city boundaries. In the 13th century, Shiraz became a leading center of the arts and letters, due to the encouragement of its ruler and the presence of many Persian scholars and artists. The modern city was founded by Sasanian dynasty and restored by the Umayyad Caliphate in 693 CE and grew prominent under the successive Iranian Saffarid and Buyid dynasties in the 9th and 10th–11th centuries, respectively. The earliest reference to the city, as Tiraziš, is on Elamite clay tablets dated to 2000 BCE.
Founded in the early Islamic period, the city has a moderate climate and has been a regional trade center for over a thousand years. Shiraz is located in southwestern Iran on the rudkhaneye khoshk ( lit. A census in 2021 showed an increase in the city's population to 1,995,500 people. As of the 2016 national census, the population of the city was 1,565,572 people, and its built-up area with Sadra was home to almost 1,800,000 inhabitants. Shiraz ( / ʃ ɪəˈr ɑː z/ ( listen) Persian: شیراز, romanized: Širâz ( listen)) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars ( پارس, Pārs) and Persis.
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